![]() Data from Switzerland collected over an altitudinal range of 2 500 m over a short period of eight years (2003–2010) revealed significant shifts in communities of vascular plants towards warm-dwelling species at lower altitudes. These shifts have had opposing effects on the species richness of summit floras in boreal-temperate mountain regions (+3.9 species on average) and Mediterranean mountain regions (–1.4 species). ![]() On average, most species have moved uphill. Mountain top floras across Europe have shown significant changes in species composition between 20, with cold-adapted species decreasing and warm-adapted species increasing in number. It can disrupt established interactions but also generate novel ones.Ī wide variety of plant and animal species in Europe have moved northwards and uphill during recent decades. ![]()
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